Karst topography
Kasrt is a landscape formed from the “dissolution" of soluble rock including
limestone dolomite, gypsum and salt etc. Kasrt features are formed by internal drainage,
substance and callapse friggered by development of underline cave. Rainwater
become acidic as it come in contact with CO2 in the atmosphere and the soil . Kasrt
topography is a landscape create by groundwater dissolving sedimentary
rock . This create landform such as sinkhole, caves, tunnels, natural Bridge
and seeps etc .It is a reason where the terrain has been dissolved by chemical
weathering of the Bedrock . These are the area which is composed of carbonate
rocks.
Groundwater is it typically slightly acidic and
react chemically with subsurface Rock especially those ors made up of highly
soluble limestone .surface flow in this area are broken by water.
Different type
of karst topography
- On the Surface
Below the Surface
On the Surface
The surface. Karst topography area are found
in almost every part of the world but most occur in humid environment .Humid climate
allow for a greater quantity of flowing water. There are some noticeable
difference between humid temperature and humid environment .The human
temperate climate are developed while humid tropical climate are dominated by hiils.
Now there we describe some surface features of caste topography
Sinkhole: These
are the rounded
depression in the landscape. Sinkhole are often collapsed cave
and quite deep or they are Shallow holes. It collect surface water running of
the surrounding land and runoff goes directly into groundwater. It's also known
as Cenote.
it is a depression or hole in the ground cause by the some form of collapse of
surface layer and some other causes chemical dissolution of carbonate.
Sinkholes
can also form when natural water such as rainfall developed on the carbonate
rock such as limestone, dolomite. it's create depression and producing
sinkholes. Sinkholes also form human activities like mines and salt
cavern storage in the salt Dome.
Spring: A
spring is a any natural situation where water flow from an aquifer to the Earth
surface. It is a component of the Hydrosphere. Its natural resource and
discharge of groundwater from the rock or soil to the surface. A spring may be
result of karst topography where surface water has infiltrate the Earth surface,
becoming part of groundwater still other spring are the result of pressure from
the underground source in the earth. When it can contact with volcano it known
as hot
Springs
Natural Bridge:
A natural arch or a natural Bridge is a Rock formation. Most natural
arch form as a narrow Bridge by the erosion of Cliff, with the software rock
stratum eroding out until the rock shelter. In the other words Bridge that are
the remnant collapse cave.
Below the ground
One of
the most important features of the cast topography is cave limestone formation
associated with large groundwater flow in cast terrains
Cave
formation Speleology ( study of caves )
It is a interesting feature of karst topography. Cave
are inaugurated cavity in limestone produced by solution and aided by erosion.
They form along path of greatest Grand water solution. Cave entrance and
terminations can be found in the bottom of dolines(sinkhole). Cave process can be determined in one of three
ways i.e
o Linear
o Angular
o Sinuous /undolate
Linear is straight linear
process with no change in groundwater full stop angular is consisting of sharp
almost 90° change in cave path both up and down full stop seniors is a curved path
of very smooth change in height
Belum Cave ( Andhra Pradesh )
The Belum Caves is the largest and longest
cave on the
Indian subcontinent, known
for its speleothems, such as stalactite and stalagmite formations.