Coal
Coal
is an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation and
preservation of plant materials, usually in a swamp environment. Coal is the
leading mineral fuel. It is burn to produce heat which is used to generate
electric power. The term coal is generally carbonaceous character that is
derived from vegetable matter involving set of process such as burial,
compaction and biochemical transformation.
Types or ranks
of coal are determined by carbon content. There are four types of coal, ordered
from lowest to highest rank below.
Type
(From
Lowest
to
Highest)
|
Properties
|
Peat
|
- It’s our first stage of transformation to coal.
- Peat is a brown porous mass of partly decomposed vegetable material.
- It contains about 85% moisture, 10.4% volatile matter and
4.6 % carbon.
- Type : 2 type
- a) Big peat : Bob peat, which is evolved out of lower type
of vegetation, like mosses (plant)
- b) Mountain Peat: that is composed and partially altered form
of higher types of trees. This type of Peat is found in sub mountainous
regions.
- It's calorific value is very low
|
Lignite
|
- Lignite is the lowest rank of coal. It is a peat that has been
transformed into a rock, and that rock is a brown-black coal.
- Lignite is also called brown coal as it color is often dark
brown.
- The lignite is composed of finely divided plant tissues.
- It contain about 25-45% moisture, 60—70% carbon and 20-25%
oxygen.
- It's calorific value is very low (11000—12500 B.T.U)
|
Bituminous
|
- It's also known as common coal.
- The original vegetable material has been fully transformed
into carbonaceous material. It burns with a yellow flame.
- Types : sub-bituminous, bituminous and semi-bituminous
- Bituminous
coal is formed when a sub bituminous coal is subjected to increased levels of
organic metamorphism.
- It's contains
63-95% carbon, 8-15% moisture and 10-40% volatile matter.
- It's calorific
value range between 13500—16000 B.T.U.
|
Anthracite
|
- Anthracite is the highest rank of coal.
- It is a hard coal with an iron -black color and submatallic
lustre.
- It is often subdivided into semi-anthracite, anthracite,
and meta-anthracite on the basis of carbon content.
- The Anthracite contains about 90–94% carbon and 3–4% volatile
matter.
- Burns with a short blue flame and give little smoke.
- calorific value ranges between 15000—15600 B.T.U
|
Coal
is an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation and
preservation of plant materials, usually in a swamp environment. Coal is the
leading mineral fuel. It is burn to produce heat which is used to generate
electric power. The term coal is generally carbonaceous character that is
derived from vegetable matter involving set of process such as burial,
compaction and biochemical transformation.
