Diamonds
Diamond is a natural crystalline form of the chemical element carbon and is the only gemstone made up of a single element. The first Diamond was found in India about 800 B. C. The his country was a great producer of large size Diamond such as Kohinoor andDiamond is a polymorph form of carbon. The other form is graphite. For carbon to turn into diamond |
others. The present total world production of natural diamond is about 100 million Carat to which India's contribution is only about 15,000 carats. Australia as production figure of 1990 is world's largest producer followed by Zaira, Botswana USSR and South Africa. Diamond occur most often as a euhedral or rounded octahedral and twinned octahedra known as Marcles.
Crystal System
CubicCrystal habit
OctahedralFracture
SharpCleavage
Perfect (IV set)Lusture
AdamantineDensity
3.5 to 3.53 gram per centimetre cubeHardness
10Specific Gravity
3.47 to 3.56Melting temperature
700 degree centigradeReflection index
2.41 to 2.43Types
Diamond proper: well formed transparent
Bort : Opaque or translucent
Bales : spheroid aggregate
Carborando : Fine grains and compact, dark grey to brown aggregate
Made of Occurrence
- Primary Deposit
- Secondary (Placer) Deposit
Primary Deposit
Diamond is supposed to have form in gas saturated ultrabasic magma. this Magma is capable of dissolving to create quantity of carbon which is the source from which diamond crystallise. when the Magma Delhi up to upper layer of the earth's crust cooled, the
pressure of the gas is increased and a number of successive explosion took place at a certain death. there are three views as to the place where Diamond are formed. They are:
- The diamonds crystallized in situ,
- The diamonds were originally contained in the underlined layers of eclogite,
- The diamonds crystallized in the original Magma chamber.
Secondary (Placer) Deposits
Depending on the mode of their formation the following genetic types of diamond bearing places are generally, recognised :- Alluvial,
- See-beach,
- Aeolian and
- Mixed origin
Distribution
Diamond deposit in India current Three Types of geological setting :
- kimberlite pipes,
- Conglomerate beds and
- Alluvial gravels
Conglomerate beds
Panna beltUpper vidhyan
Ramallakota-Banganapalli in kurnul district
Lover vidhyan
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