Mountain Building Processes part 2

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Mountain Building Processes

On the basis of origin

Divided into two parts

1.  Tectonic mountain  
2.  Circum-erosional or relict mountain

1)  Tectonic mountain

Active force:    Endogenic force, compressive and tensile force

Type:   4 types

a)     Folded mountain

Force:   compressive foods

Type:

·        Young fold mountain

·        Mature fold mountain ( monoclonal ridge + Valley )

·        Old fold mountain

 Fold mountain category:

 Two categories

Simple:   anticline and syncline formation and wave like structure

Complex:    Complex structure formed by recumbent fold and known as Nappe

Age:    Tertiary period

Occurrence:    Margin of Continent facing Ocean

Examples:    Rockies Mountain and Andes Mountain

b)   Block Mountain

 Force:  Tensile force

Type:   two basic types

Tilted Block Mountain

 Lifted Block Mountain

 Formation:   When side block of two faults move download where the middle block remains stable.

Occurrence:   High plateau or broad domes

 Associated with:   Rift Valley

 Examples:   Sierra Narada Mountains of California USA is considered to be the most extensive Block Mountains.

c)     Dome mountains

 Domes Mountain is originated by magnetic intrusion and upward movement of Crystal surface example normal domes salt domes Lava domes.

d)    Mountain of accumulation

 Its formed due to accumulation of volcanic material .these are also called volcanic mountains .Different type of volcanic cones under this category.

2)     Circum-erosional or relict mountain

Examples vindhyanchal range Aravali, Satpura, Eastern Ghat ,Western Ghat, (all from India).