Soil part 1

 

Soil may be defined in the several ways. soil is a natural body that exist as a part of Padosphere. Soil is considered to be skin of the earth  with interface between Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere of the earth.Soil is a loose material which support the growth of plants. Soil is a combination of organism water and Minerals.

 Soil science has two basic branches of study e.g

 Pedology( Pedology focused on the formation, morphology and   classification of soil in their natural environment )

 Edephology( Edephology   is concerned with influence of soil on organism )

 Pathologist to use the following genetic functional relationship for understanding soil formation

S = f(   cl, o, r, p, t )

 Where,

 S = Soil properties

 cl = Regional climate

 o = Topography

 p = Parents material

 T = Time

 Formation of soil

 The formation of soil is it based on five major factors that influence soil formation ----

ü Parents Material

ü Climate

ü Living Organism

ü Topography

ü  Time

 Soil Profil

Vertical and Horizontal movement of the material in a soil system the are called a soil profile. The layers are called zone or soil Horizons. The development of soil from inorganic and organic material is complex process.  the have identified a number of Layer or horizon within the soil.  These layers unchanged parents material is called the soil profile. A soil profile shows some Horizon layer or horizon within the soil.  These layers unchanged parents material is called the soil profile. A soil profile shows some Horizon

O Horizon	Consist entirely of plant little and other organic matter. Color of this Horizon often dark brown or black
A horizon	Highly concentrated organic material.This horizon is composed of both mineral and organic material ,often light black to Brown
E Horizon	Zone of leaching(A+E horizons combined ), a light colored layer that is leached of iron-bearing components. Less organic material then O and A horizon.
B horizon	Zone of accumulation, rich in iron oxide, silica and carbonate minerals
K Horizon	Carbonate completely fills the pore spaces in k Horizon, rich in calcium carbonate
C horizon	Composed of partially altered parents material,  red color with iron oxide.

Properties of Soil

For Soil Part 2 https://nikitanirmalgeoinformation.blogspot.com/2018/10/soil-part-2.html